Zero belief community entry (ZTNA) is the best different to mobile gateways and VPN options for distant entry.
However in OT environments, ZTNA must be distributed.
Distant entry is essential for operations groups to handle and troubleshoot operational expertise (OT) belongings with out time-consuming and dear website visits. In lots of organizations, machine builders, upkeep contractors, or the operations groups themselves have put in their very own options: mobile gateways that no one is aware of about or distant entry software program that IT will not be controlling.
These backdoors are at odds to the OT safety initiatives undertaken by the IT/CISO groups and create a shadow-IT state of affairs which makes it troublesome to regulate who’s connecting, what they’re doing, and what they will entry.
Alternatively, Digital Non-public Networks (VPN) put in by IT groups within the industrial DMZ (iDMZ) have drawbacks of being always-on options with all-or-nothing entry to OT belongings. This makes it difficult to regulate when somebody connects and what they’ve entry to with out utilizing bounce servers to handle classes and complicated firewall guidelines that must be incessantly up to date to stop wide-open entry.
Industrial organizations are beginning to deploy Zero Belief Community Entry (ZTNA) options as alternate options to always-on VPNs. ZTNA is a safety service that verifies customers and grants entry solely to particular sources at particular occasions primarily based on id and context insurance policies. It begins with a default deny posture and adaptively affords the suitable belief required on the time.
The answer consists of a ZTNA belief dealer, sometimes a cloud service, that mediates connections between distant customers and OT belongings. The belief dealer communicates with a ZTNA gateway deployed within the industrial community. The gateway establishes an outbound connection to the belief dealer which in flip cross-connects to the distant person, thereby making a communication path to the OT belongings within the proximity of the gateway.
In discipline networks like visitors management cupboards at roadway intersections, or utility pole-mounted capacitor financial institution management cupboards, putting in devoted ZTNA gateways will not be an choice as a result of house is a matter. When house is offered, having to keep up devoted ZTNA gateway {hardware} simply to entry a couple of OT belongings places an undesirable burden on clients.
In bigger industrial networks, equivalent to manufacturing vegetation, the ZTNA gateway is centralized within the iDMZ to keep away from the associated fee and complexity of distributing devoted {hardware} within the OT community. However this centralized structure places the ZTNA gateway too removed from the OT belongings and suffers the identical disadvantage of the legacy VPN design:
- In such environments IP addresses are sometimes reused, and plenty of belongings sit behind NAT boundaries which makes them unreachable to the ZTNA gateway within the iDMZ. The complexity now falls on the tip buyer to reveal these personal IPs to the upper layers of the Purdue mannequin.
- As well as, as a result of the ZTNA gateway is way from the OT belongings, stopping lateral motion of distant customers between OT belongings turns into difficult.
Each these elements negate key tenants of ZTNA, specifically useful resource isolation and limiting lateral motion.
With Safe Gear Entry (SEA), Cisco is fixing the challenges of deploying safe distant entry to operational belongings at scale. It embeds the ZTNA gateway perform into Cisco industrial switches and routers, making safe distant entry capabilities quite simple to deploy at scale. There isn’t a level {hardware} resolution to supply, set up, and handle. No advanced iDMZ firewall guidelines to configure. Enabling distant entry is only a software program function to activate in your Cisco industrial community tools.
Distributing the ZTNA gateway perform anyplace within the community enables you to remotely entry each asset. The Cisco industrial swap or router that gives safe and dependable connectivity to OT belongings, now additionally offers zero belief distant entry to those belongings, no matter its IP deal with or your NAT technique. And the identical community tools may implement micro-segmentation insurance policies to stop lateral actions within the case the asset is used as a bounce host. Solely Cisco affords such a sophisticated safety functionality in industrial switches and routers right now.
Managing numerous ZTNA gateways throughout your operational surroundings is straightforward. Cisco Safe Gear Entry comes with a cloud portal that centralizes gateway administration and configuration of distant entry insurance policies. It acts as a ZTNA belief dealer, verifying customers and granting entry solely to particular sources primarily based on identities and contexts.
Distant workers, distributors, and contractors connect with the Safe Gear Entry cloud portal the place they’re authenticated and supplied entry solely to the units you select, utilizing solely the protocols you specify, and solely on the day and time you enable.
Distant entry classes begin with a default deny posture and Safe Gear Entry adaptively affords the suitable belief required on the time. Belongings are hidden from discovery and lateral actions are made not possible. IP addresses are by no means uncovered within the iDMZ, additional decreasing your assault floor.
Operations directors can simply create credentials to satisfy their enterprise wants and grant entry to OT belongings in two completely different manners:
- Clientless ZTNA. Customers simply want an online browser to entry distant OT belongings utilizing RDP, VNC, HTTP/S, SSH, or Telnet.
- Agent-based ZTNA (which we name SEA Plus). Cisco SEA establishes a safe IP communication channel between the person’s laptop and the OT asset so any desktop utility can be utilized for superior duties, equivalent to file switch or PLC programming utilizing native functions as an example.
Cisco Safe Gear Entry is designed to implement sturdy zero belief safety insurance policies and provide superior monitoring and compliance capabilities:
- Multifactor authentication (MFA) to deal with the chance of stolen credentials.
- Single sign-on (SSO) to streamline the person expertise and implement strict person insurance policies from a centralized location.
- System posture test to evaluate the distant person’s safety posture and solely grant entry to hosts with malware safety software program put in as an example.
- Session monitoring with the flexibility to affix a session and look at in actual time what a distant person is doing.
- Session termination providing directors the flexibility to kill an energetic session.
- Session recording to return in time and watch what distant customers did.
We are going to element these options in upcoming weblog posts over the following few weeks. Ensure you subscribe to our OT Safety publication to obtain them in your inbox. Within the meantime, be taught extra about Cisco Safe Gear Entry (SEA), and take a look at our Cisco Validated Design Information for help on the way to implement ZTNA in your operational surroundings.
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