In a latest research printed in Science Advances, researchers evaluated the influence of mucosal versus intramuscular vaccine immunization on airborne an infection and transmission of extreme acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Syrian hamsters.
Background
SARS-CoV-2 causes coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19), recognized in 2019, with vaccines developed by 2020 concentrating on the virus’s spike protein, displaying 75-95% effectiveness towards related variants.
Nevertheless, variants like Omicron lowered vaccine efficacy, resulting in vaccine updates. SARS-CoV-2 primarily spreads by means of the air however may also be transmitted through contact.
Hamster research on vaccine influence typically deal with preliminary transmission, not reflecting actual an infection situations or assessing secondary transmission.
Additional analysis is required to totally perceive mucosal vaccines’ long-term efficacy and mechanisms in stopping SARS-CoV-2 transmission in numerous populations and real-world settings.
Concerning the research
This research evaluated the consequences of mucosal and systemic immunization on SARS-CoV-2 transmission utilizing Syrian hamsters. Hamsters have been vaccinated intranasally with chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored vaccine (ChAd-CoV-2-S) or intramuscularly with remnant BNT162b2 (BioNTech and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine) after which uncovered to SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters.
Viral titers within the higher and decrease airways have been measured to find out transmission. Major contact hamsters that remained uninfected have been excluded. Hamsters have been randomly assigned to vaccination or donor/contact teams.
Vero cells expressing human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) have been cultured to organize the virus.
Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 (WA1/2020 D614G) was confirmed by sequencing. All procedures involving SARS-CoV-2 have been performed in Biosafety Degree 3 (BSL-3) services.