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Monday, July 8, 2024

Synthetic Intelligence (AI) and Nano Know-how


AI” has develop into a “sizzling” matter in each technical publications and normal newspapers.  There have been a number of tales of ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0 and different Chatbots [Ref 1]. The addition of AI to search engines like google by Google (BARD) and Microsoft’s Bing (ChatGPT+) [Ref. 2].  Browsers, like Chrome, have been including AI succesful options [Ref. 3].  The has been information from the medical subject of AI being employed by medical professionals and bettering the prognosis of sufferers [Ref. 4].  On the adverse aspect, there was a publication about Chaos-GPT with very adverse connotations [Ref. 5].  How do these chatbots apply to nano know-how, or does the know-how even apply?

There have been many makes an attempt to provide instruments that may help people in making choices and even make the choices itself.  Automation of kit is an apparent instance.  Within the lumber business, gear has been developed that inspects a phase of a harvested tree, calculates the orientation to get the utmost lumber from the tree, after which does the precise chopping [Ref. 6].  The continuing work for self-driving automobiles is one other utility of AI.  The hundreds of thousands of traces of code preserve growing as new choices must be allowed relying on the circumstances that the automobile is encountering.

ChatGPT was developed by OpenAI as a chatbot [Ref. 7] and is totally different from beforehand launched chatbots.  Whereas it was launched in November of 2022, it was not till later March 2023 that its purposes began making headlines as a result of the responses didn’t require accessing a restricted set of information, however permitted unstructured assembling on the response information to random questions in a way and format that gives the looks of a educated response.  Algorithms are developed to information the gathering and group of information related to the topic underneath investigation.  A correct association of algorithms could make it seem as being answered by an individual.

Within the Eighties, there was important work on knowledgeable methods, that are a precursor to right this moment’s algorithm pushed chatbots.  Computing energy and the price of storage have been orders of magnitude much less succesful than right this moment.  The quantity of information accessible was considerably much less and the velocity of the computations have been a lot slower.  Nonetheless there have been fascinating developments.  One of many observations from that work was that every knowledgeable system needed to have a beginning base of information.  Because the system encountered further information of decisions and the outcomes, the database modified the chances of the attainable outcomes.  So, the system “advanced” primarily based on its surroundings, i.e. machine studying.  A system for farming in colder climes would offer totally different solutions from one within the tropics.  Comprehensible, because of the two methods being distinct.

Right this moment’s computing energy is orders of magnitude larger than the early Nineties.  The reminiscence capability has additionally elevated significantly.  However so has the information.  It the creator’s opinion that there’s extra information created and saved on line in a single day now than there was in a whole yr within the Nineties.   This raises the query of the place will and the way will the chatbots get their info.  One of many latest evaluations indicated that it’s attainable that some chatbots have info that was present in 2018.   Quite a bit occurs in 5 years.

A latest article [Ref. 8] categorical the issues of an AI ethicist.  The event of machine-learning algorithms to help within the responses of a chatbot might result in changing judgement on conditions with the chatbots’ output.  She is quoted as saying “Utilizing chatbots in search engines like google . . . is a bonkers thought that everybody is now racing to do to.” 

It’s too early to determine how the machine studying chatbots will evolve and help in growing new supplies or applied sciences within the nano realm.  Within the late Nineties, Textual content Mining was the subsequent pc pushed know-how that would offer a really widespread utility.  It has advanced to purposes which might be centered, e.g., evaluating buyer databases to find out produce or service points or comparable analysis of structured phrase analysis.  A report from Stanford states: “A variety of inefficiencies and errors that occur in medication right this moment happen due to the hyper-specialization of human medical doctors and the gradual and spotty stream of knowledge” [Ref. 9].  Hopefully, nanotechnology will witness one thing that may consider analysis similarities and supply a database as seems to be occurring in medication that researchers nano realm can make the most of to maneuver towards the longer term extra rapidly.  Chatbots can apply to nanotechnology given the correct entry to related information. 

References:

  1. High 25 Chatbot Case Research & Success Tales in 2023 https://analysis.aimultiple.com/top-chatbot-success/
  2. https://www.pcmag.com/information/chatgpt-alternatives-ai-chatbots-ready-to-answer-your-burning-questions
  3. https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/best-ai-chatbots/
  4. The AI Will See You Now, Wall Road Journal, Saturday, 04/08/2023 Web page .C001
  5. https://decrypt.co/126122/meet-chaos-gpt-ai-tool-destroy-humanity
  6. https://www.innovating-automation.weblog/why-a-sawmill-needs-automation/
  7. Https://chatgpt.professional
  8. Weekend Confidential with Timnit Gebru, Emily Bobrow, Wall Road journal, Saturday, 02/25/2023 Web page .C006
  9. https://information.stanford.edu/press-releases/2023/04/12/advances-generalizable-medical-ai/

About Walt

I’ve been concerned in numerous features of nanotechnology because the late Seventies. My curiosity in selling nano-safety started in 2006 and produced a white paper in 2007 explaining the 4 pillars of nano-safety. I’m a know-how futurist and is presently centered on nanoelectronics, single digit nanomaterials, and 3D printing on the nanoscale. My expertise consists of three startups, two of which I based, 13 years at SEMATECH, the place I used to be a Senior Fellow of the technical employees after I left, and 12 years at Basic Electrical with 9 of them on company employees. I’ve a Ph.D. from the College of Texas at Austin, an MBA from James Madison College, and a B.S. in Physics from the Illinois Institute of Know-how.

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